New Migration Stream between Mexico and Canada

Resumen

Data from the Mexican Migration Project is used to contrast processes of Mexican migration to Canada and the United States. All migrants to Canada entered through the Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program and migration there is strongly predicted by marital status and number of dependents. Conversely, most migrants to the United States are undocumented and thus self selected without regard to marital status or parenthood.Migrants to Canada enjoy superior labor market outcomes with higher wages and more compact work schedules that yield higher earnings and shorter periods away from families. Labor migration to Canada also tends to operate as a circular flow with considerable repeat migration whereas undocumented migrants to the United States tend to stay longer, since crossing the Mexico-U.S. border has become increasingly difficult.ResumenEn este artículo se comparan los flujos migratorios de México a Canadá y Estados Unidos, con base en datos del Proyecto de Migración Mexicana (mmp), según el cual los inmigrantes que llegaron a Canadá entraron a través del Programa de Trabajadores Agrícolas Temporales. En correspondencia con los criterios de este programa, se trata de una población mayoritariamente masculina, casada y con dependientes. En contraste, la mayoría de los inmigrantes a Estados Unidos son indocumentados y, por ende, autoseleccionados, de manera que el estado civil o número de hijos es irrelevante.En comparación con Estados Unidos, en Canadá los inmigrantes disfrutan de mejores salarios y jornadas laborales más compactas, lo que se refleja en mayores ganancias y menos tiempo alejados de sus familias. La migración laboral a Canadá tiende a una mayor circularidad, mientras que los inmigrantes en Estados Unidos posponen su retorno debido al incremento en la dificultad del cruce fronterizo.

Imagen de portada

Palabras clave

• emigration
• labor migration
• Mexico
• Canada
• United States. Nuevo flujo migratorio entre México y Canadá

Cómo citar

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