Ir al menú de navegación principal Ir al contenido principal Ir al pie de página del sitio

Artículos

Vol. 6 Núm. 21 (2011): julio-diciembre, 2011

Is More Necessarily Better? Leadership and Organizational Development of Migrant Hometown Associations in Los Angeles, California

DOI
https://doi.org/10.17428/rmi.v6i21.752
Publicado
2017-04-03

Resumen

Hometown associations (htas) in the United States are migrant, voluntary groups with a shared sense of belonging to a region in a diff erent country of origin. Their philanthropic activities across borders have increasingly attracted the attention of government agencies and social and political actors. Th ese actors have endeavored to form more htas and place greater demands on them to expand their civic engagement.This strategy, however, will not necessarily lead to that purpose, but instead will likely exacerbate a critical gap in the htas’ organizational capacity. This paper argues that a diff erent strategy is best suited to strengthen the organizational ability of htas, and proposes a framework to achieve this goal based on a capacity building pilot program for Latino htas from the Los Angeles region.¿Realmente más es mejor? Liderazgo y desarrollo organizativoentre asociaciones de migrantes en Los Ángeles, CaliforniaResumenLas asociaciones de paisanos en Estados Unidos son grupos de migrantes voluntarios basados en un sentimiento compartido de pertenencia a una región en un país de origen distinto. Sus actividades han llamado cada vez más la atención de instancias gubernamentales y de actores sociales y políticos. Estos actores han favorecido la formación de más de estos grupos, junto con una creciente demanda sobre ellos para que expandan sus compromisos cívicos.Sin embargo, esta estrategia no conduce necesariamente a ello, e incluso podría disminuir la capacidad organizativa de las asociaciones. A partir de un programa piloto basado en la formación de capacidades con asociaciones de migrantes latinos en Los Ángeles, aquí argumentamos que se requiere una estrategia distinta para que las htas amplíen su capacidad organizativa.

Imagen de portada

Palabras clave

  • hometown associations
  • capacity-building
  • Latin American migration
  • collaborative research
  • Los Angeles

Cómo citar

Escala Rabadán, L., Rivera-Salgado, G., & Rodriguez, R. (2017). Is More Necessarily Better? Leadership and Organizational Development of Migrant Hometown Associations in Los Angeles, California. Migraciones Internacionales, 6(21), 41–74. https://doi.org/10.17428/rmi.v6i21.752

Citas

  1. Alarcón, Rafael, 2002, “The Development of the Hometown
  2. Associations in the United States and the Use of Social Remittances
  3. in Mexico”, in Rodolfo O. de la Garza and Briant Lindsay Lowell, eds., Sending Money Home: Hispanic Remittances and Community Development, Lanham, Maryland, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
  4. Babbie, E., 2001, The Practice of Social Research, 9th ed., New
  5. York, Wadsworth Publishing Company.
  6. Becker, Gary, 1964, Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical
  7. Analysis, with Special References to Education, Chicago, Illinois,
  8. University of Chicago Press.
  9. Bonacich, Edna, 1987, “Making It in America: A Social Evaluation
  10. of Immigrant Entrepreneurship”, Sociological Perspectives,
  11. vol. 30, num. 4, October, pp. 446-466.
  12. Cohen, D. and I. Prusak, 2001, In Good Company, How Social
  13. Capital Makes Organizations Work, Boston, Massachusetts,
  14. Harvard Business School Press.
  15. Coleman, James, 1988, “Social Capital in the Creation of Human
  16. Capital”, American Journal of Sociology, vol. 94, January,
  17. S95-S120.
  18. Daniels, Roger, 1988, Asian America: Chinese and Japanese in the
  19. United States since 1850, Seattle, Washington, University of
  20. Washington Press.
  21. Dasgupta, Partha and Ismail Serageldin, eds., 2000, Social Capital:
  22. A Multifaceted Perspective, Washington, DC, The World
  23. Bank.
  24. De Vita, Carol and Cory Fleming, 2001, Building Capacity in Non-
  25. Profit Organizations, Washington, DC, The Urban Institute.
  26. Eekhoff, Katherine E. [masters thesis], 1994, “Asociaciones salvadoreñas en Los Ángeles y las posibilidades de desarrollo en
  27. El Salvador”, Los Angeles, California, Department of Urban
  28. Planning-University of California.
  29. Escala Rabadán, Luis, Xóchitl Bada and Gaspar Rivera-Salgado,
  30. , “Mexican Migrant Civic and Political Participation
  31. in the U.S.: The Case of Hometown Associations in Los Angeles
  32. and Chicago”, Norteamérica, Revista Académica, year 1,
  33. num. 2, July-December, pp. 127-172.
  34. Fetterman, David M., 2001, Foundations of Empowerment Evaluation,
  35. Thousand Oaks, California, Sage Publications.
  36. Fitzgerald, David, 2000, Negotiating Extra-Territorial Citizenship:
  37. Mexican Migration and the Transnational Politics of Community,
  38. La Jolla, California, Center for Comparative Immigration
  39. Studies-University of California, San Diego.
  40. Fox, Jonathan, 1996, “How Does Civil Society Thicken? The Political
  41. Construction of Social Capital in Rural Mexico”, World
  42. Development, vol. 24, num. 6, pp. 1089-1103.
  43. Fox, Jonathan and Gaspar Rivera-Salgado, 2004, “Building Civil
  44. Society among Indigenous Migrants”, in Jonathan Fox and
  45. Gaspar Rivera-Salgado, eds., Indigenous Mexican Migrants in
  46. the United States, La Jolla, California, Center for Comparative
  47. Immigration Studies and Center for U.S.-Mexican Studies-
  48. University of California, San Diego.
  49. Fukuyama, Francis [conference], 1999, “Social Capital and Civil
  50. Society”, Wash ington, DC, International Monetary Fund
  51. Conference on Second Generation Reforms, October 1.
  52. Goldring, Luin, 1992, “La migración Mexico-EUA y la transnacionalizacion del espacio político y social: Perspectivas desde
  53. el México rural”, Estudios Sociológicos, vol. x, num. 29. May-
  54. August, pp. 315-340.
  55. González Gutiérrez, Carlos, 1993, “The Mexican Diaspora in
  56. California: Limits and Possibilities for the Mexican Government”,
  57. in Abraham F. Lowenthal and Katrina Burgess, eds.,
  58. The California-Mexico Connection, Stanford, California, Stanford
  59. University Press.
  60. González Gutiérrez, Carlos, 2006, “Introducción”, in Carlos
  61. Gon zález Gutiérrez, ed., Relaciones Estado-diáspora. Aproximaciones
  62. desde cuatro continentes, Mexico, Miguel Ángel Porrúa.
  63. Guarnizo, Luis [Ph. D. dissertation], 1992, “One Country in
  64. Two: Dominican-owned Firms in New York and in the Dominican
  65. Republic”, Baltimore, Maryland, Department of Sociology-
  66. The Johns Hopkins University.
  67. Levitt, Peggy, 1997, “Transnationalizing Community Development:
  68. The Case of Migration between Boston and the Dominican
  69. Republic”, Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly,
  70. vol. 26, num. 4, December, pp. 509-526.
  71. Levitt, Peggy, 2001, The Transnational Villagers, Berkeley, California,
  72. University of California Press.
  73. Light, Ivan, 1972, Ethnic Enterprise in America: Business and
  74. Welfare among Chinese, Japanese and Blacks, New York, Basic
  75. Books.
  76. Light, Ivan, 2006, Deflecting Immigration: Networks, Markets, and
  77. Regulation in Los Angeles, New York, Russell Sage Foundation.
  78. Martinelli, Alberto, 1994, “Entrepreneurship and Management”,
  79. in Neil Smelser and Richard Swedberg, eds., Handbook of
  80. Economic Sociology, Princeton, New Jersey, Princeton University
  81. Press.
  82. Massey, Douglas et. al., 1987, Return to Aztlán. The Social Process
  83. of International Migration from Western Mexico, Berkeley, California,
  84. University of California Press.
  85. Min, Pyong Gap, 1998, Changes and Conflicts. Korean Immigrant
  86. Families in New York, Boston, Massachusetts, Allyn and Bacon
  87. (The New Immigrants Series).
  88. Mines, Richard, 1981, Developing a Community Tradition of Migration:
  89. A Field Study in Rural Zacatecas, Mexico and California
  90. Settlement Areas, La Jolla, California, Center for U.S.-Mexican
  91. Studies-University of California, San Diego.
  92. Orozco, Manuel, 2002, “Latino Hometown Associations as
  93. Agents of Development in Latin America”, in Rodolfo O. de la
  94. Garza and Briant Lindsay Lowell, eds., Sending Money Home.
  95. Hispanic Remittances and Community Development, Lanham,
  96. Maryland, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
  97. Orozco, Manuel and Katherine Welle, 2005, “Hometown Associations
  98. and Development: Ownership, Correspondence,
  99. Sustainability, and Replicability”, in Barbara J. Merz, ed., New
  100. Patterns for Mexico: Observations on Remittances, Philanthropic
  101. Giving, and Equitable Development, Cambridge, Massachusetts,
  102. Harvard University Press.
  103. Portes, Alejandro and Rubén Rumbaut, 1991, Immigrant America:
  104. A Portrait, Berkeley, California, University of California Press.
  105. Portes, Alejandro, 1995, “Economic Sociology and the Sociology
  106. of Immigration: A Conceptual Overview”, in Alejandro
  107. Portes, ed., The Economic Sociology of Immigration. Essays on
  108. Net works, Ethnicity, and Entrepreneurship, New York, Russell
  109. Sage Foundation.
  110. Putnam, Robert D., 2000, Bowling Alone. The Collapse and Revival
  111. of American Community, New York, Simon and Schuster.
  112. Quiñones, Sam and Alan Mittelstaedt, 2000, “A League of Their
  113. Own: How a Team of Oaxacan Busboys Is Redefining L. A.
  114. Basketball”, L. A. Weekly, February 2, pp. 10-20. Available
  115. at <http://www.laweekly.com/2000-02-10/news/a-league-oftheir-
  116. own/> (last accessed on May 4, 2011).
  117. Rivera-Salgado, Gaspar, 1999, “Binational Organizations of Mexican
  118. Migrants in the United States”, Social Justice, vol. 26,
  119. num. 3, September 22, pp. 27-38.
  120. Rivera-Salgado, Gaspar and Luis Escala Rabadán, 2004, “Collective
  121. Identity and Organizational Strategies of Indigenous
  122. and Mestizo Mexican Migrants”, in Jonathan Fox and Gaspar
  123. Rivera-Salgado, eds., Indigenous Mexican Migrants in the
  124. United States, La Jolla, California, Center for U.S.-Mexican
  125. Studies, and Center for Comparative Immigration Studies-
  126. University of California, San Diego.
  127. Rivera-Salgado, Gaspar and Luis Escala Rabadán, 2008, “Migration
  128. Collective Remittances and Development”, in Ton van
  129. Naerssen, Ernst Spaan and Annelies Zoomers, eds., Global Migration
  130. and Development, New York, Routledge.
  131. Rivera-Salgado, Gaspar, Rigoberto Rodríguez and Luis Escala-
  132. Rabadán, 2004, in “Building Capacity: Insights from the Pilot
  133. Program on Immigrant-Led Hometown Associations”. Available
  134. at: <http://ucla.academia.edu/GasparRiveraSalgado/
  135. Papers/151001/BUILDING-CAPACITY-Insights-from-the-
  136. Pilot-Program-on-Immigrant-Led-Hometown-Associations>
  137. (last accessed on May 7, 2010).
  138. Rouse, Roger, 1988, “Mexican Migration and the Social Space of
  139. Postmodernism”, La Jolla, California, Center for U.S.-Mexican
  140. Studies-University of California, San Diego.
  141. Runsten, David and Carol Zabin, 1994, “A Regional Perspective
  142. on Mexican Migration to Rural California”, “Conference on
  143. the Changing Face of Rural America”, Asilomar, Pacific Grove,
  144. California, June 12-14, unpublished.
  145. Smith, Michael P. and Luis Guarnizo, eds., 1998, Transnationalism
  146. from Below, New Brunswick, New Jersey, Transaction
  147. Publishers (Comparative Urban and Community Research Series,
  148. vol. 6).
  149. Somerville, Will, Jamie Durana and Aaron Matteo Terrazas,
  150. , “Hometown Associations: An Untapped Resource for
  151. Immigrant Integration?”, Insight, July, pp. 1-24.
  152. Soyer, Daniel, 1997, Jewish Immigrant Associations and American
  153. Identity in New York, 1880-1939, Cambridge, Massachusetts,
  154. Harvard University Press.
  155. Stephen, Lynn, 2007, Transborder Lives: Indigenous Oaxacans in
  156. Mexico, California and Oregon, Durham, NC/London, Duke
  157. University Press.
  158. Stepick, Alex, 1998, Pride against Prejudice. Haitians in the United
  159. States, Boston, Massachusetts, Allyn and Bacon (The New Immigrants
  160. Series).
  161. Thompson, Ginger, 2005, “Mexico’s Migrants Profit from Dollars
  162. Sent Home”, The New York Times, New York, February 23,
  163. International Section, p. A1.
  164. Tsuda, Takeyuki, Zulema Valdez and Wayne A. Cornelius, 2003,
  165. “Human versus Social Capital, Immigrant Wages and Labor
  166. Market Incorporation in Japan and the United States”, in Jeffrey
  167. G. Reitz, ed., Host Societies and the Reception of Immigrants,
  168. La Jolla, California, Center for Comparative Immigration
  169. Studies-University of California, San Diego.
  170. United Nations Development Programme, 2005, “The Potential
  171. Role of Remittances in Achieving the Millennium Development
  172. Goals — An Exploration”, Roundtable on Remittances and
  173. the MDGs, New York, undp, October 10.
  174. Waldinger, Roger, 1986, Through the Eye of a Needle: Immigrants
  175. and Enterprise in New York’s Garment Trades, New York, New
  176. York University Press.
  177. Waldinger, Roger and Mehdi Bozorgmehr, eds., 1996, Ethnic Los
  178. Angeles, New York, Russell Sage Foundation.
  179. Weiss, Carol H., 1998, Evaluation: Methods for Studying Programs
  180. and Policies, 2nd ed., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, Prentice
  181. Hall.
  182. Wholey, Joseph S., Harry P. Hatry and Kathryn E. Newcomer,
  183. eds., 1994, Handbook of Practical Evaluation, San Francisco,
  184. California, Jossey-Bass Publishers.
  185. Whyte, W. F., D. J. Greenwood and P. Lazes, 1991, “Participatory
  186. Action Research: Through Practice to Science in Social
  187. Research”, in F. Whyte, ed., Participatory Action Research, New
  188. York, Sage, pp. 19-55.
  189. Wong, Bernard, 1998, Ethnicity and Entrepreneurship: The New
  190. Chinese Immigrants in the San Francisco Bay Area, Boston, Massachusetts, Allyn and Bacon (The New Immigrants Series).
  191. Yrizar, Guillermo [conference], 2009, “Agencias públicas para
  192. emi grantes internacionales en el centro occidente de México”,
  193. in “First Alumni Meeting”, Tijuana, Mexico, El Colegio de la
  194. Frontera Norte, September 9.
  195. Yrizar, Guillermo and Rafael Alarcón, 2010, “Emigration Policy
  196. and State Governments in Mexico”, Migraciones Internacionales
  197. , vol. 5, num. 4, July-December.
  198. Zabin Carol and Luis Escala-Rabadán [working paper], 1998,
  199. “Mexican Hometown Associations and Mexican Immigrant
  200. Political Empowerment in Los Angeles”, Washington, DC,
  201. The Aspen Institute, Winter.
  202. Zabin, Carol et al., 1993, Mixtec Migrants in California Agriculture:
  203. A New Cycle of Poverty, Davis, California, California Institute
  204. for Rural Studies.