Migraciones Internacionales

The The Digital Walk on Facebook: Ethos and Memories of People in Transit through Mexico

2025-03-03T20:57:10+00:00

This paper seeks to unravel how digital social media Facebook constructs a favorable discourse to migration and migrants in transit through Mexico. To this end, a discursive and semiotic-multimodal analysis of pro-migrant Facebook accounts is carried out, inquiring into emotions, metaphors, narratives and recurrent argumentative topics. Two central ethos are detected: the migration manager, who conceives migration as a phenomenon that must be ordered through bureaucratic procedures and even promotes a change of legal status (from migrant to resident), and the facilitator-participant, who promotes a more humane, supportive and understanding image. These pages may contribute to the reflection on a less studied discourse, alternative to the securitized, rejectionist or xenophobic one. Preliminary results show that even within the pro-migrant discourse and among supposedly like-minded accounts, there are discordant voices and conceptions about migration.

Regularization of International Protection Applicants: Alternatives in the Face of a Bleak Horizon

2025-04-03T17:52:24+00:00

This article examines the impact of the new Spanish immigration regulation (RD 1155/2024) on applicants for international protection (IP). Although it introduces a provisional pathway to regularization through the Fifth Transitional Provision, it actually consolidates a restrictive jurisprudence that limits the possibilities of accessing a legal status after the denial of an IP application. Through a comparison with the German system, which has developed flexible mechanisms such as the Spurwechsel (track-change) to facilitate the transition of rejected applicants towards legal residence, the need to consider stable and coherent alternatives adapted to current mobility dynamics becomes evident. The analysis reveals the prevailing tension between integration and control, showing how Spanish policy, aligned with restrictive European trends, places IP applicants in a legal limbo that compromises their rights and inclusion processes.

Identification of Colombian Households with Emigrants: A Methodological Exploration Through Administrative Records and Census Data

2024-10-31T16:50:14+00:00

This study aims to identify and characterize Colombian households with emigrants, addressing their limited visibility in national information systems. To achieve this, a methodological strategy is employed that links administrative records (REMI and REBP) with the 2018 Census, allowing an indirect estimation of these households. The results indicate that 1.8% of Colombian households have at least one emigrant member and highlight the feminization of migration, along with a reduction in household size. Household typologies are analyzed by comparing those with and without the effect of emigration to identify differences in structure, life cycle, and intergenerational composition. This study contributes to the sociodemographic understanding of households with emigrants and demonstrates the usefulness of linking administrative records and census data as a methodological alternative for their identification in the absence of a direct information source.

Experiences of Flight and Persecution. Individuals with International Protection Needs Trapped in Tijuana

2025-01-28T18:41:26+00:00

This article analyzes the impact of organized crime in the contexts of flight, persecution, and lengthy wait of Mexican and Central American migrants in Tijuana. Fifteen structured interviews and twenty-nine semi-structured interviews were conducted with migrants requiring international protection at a government shelter. The findings indicate that exit factors related to criminal and gender-based violence increase the risk of assaults, exploitation, and human rights violations during movement and prolonged waiting at the border. Moreover, the study reveals the effects of multi-scalar violence—including criminal, institutional, and gender dimensions—on entrapment in hopes of asylum. The research contributes to advancing the relational understanding of criminal violence and forced mobility, while its originality lies in explaining the continuum of violence during forced displacement.

Qualitative Longitudinal Analysis of Labor and Migration Trajectories of Spaniards in Mexico City and London

2024-10-15T23:09:08+00:00

This paper aims to analyze the development of the labor and migratory trajectories of Spanish migrants in Mexico City and London in relation to the contextual changes that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. To this end, qualitative longitudinal research was developed in which biographical interviews were carried out with 43 Spaniards with migratory experience in the destination cities during two separate observation periods. It was found that, faced with the changing contextual conditions derived from the COVID-19 pandemic and the feeling of uncertainty linked to this situation, these matters activated alternative plans and projects (migratory and biographical), exercising a kind of anticipatory agency. This research contributes to understanding strategies and responses of certain types of migrants amid the sanitary crisis resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, based on discussions related to social anticipation and human agency in crisis contexts, from a biographical perspective.

El estrés parental en los procesos migratorios internacionales: una meta-síntesis

2024-09-20T20:32:26+00:00

Esta meta-síntesis cualitativa busca analizar artículos científicos donde se aborda el estrés parental de quienes experimentaron procesos de migración internacional con sus hijos. Se accedió a siete bases de datos –Scopus, Web of Science, PsycInfo, BVS Portal, MEDLINE/CINAHL, EMBASE y Cochrane Library–, considerando el año de la publicación (2012-2024), y se encontraron 2931 documentos, de los cuales solo 24 fueron analizados según sus objetivos, aspectos metodológicos y principales resultados. La valoración crítica de los artículos indica una alta calidad metodológica. Los resultados muestran que las condiciones socioeconómicas bajas y las disparidades culturales de los padres inmigrantes tienden a aumentar los sentimientos de tensión física o emocional. El apoyo social se menciona como un factor protector contra el estrés parental, mientras que los aspectos étnicos y religiosos se reportan como mecanismos posibles y efectivos de afrontamiento. Las políticas públicas culturalmente sensibles son esenciales para mitigar el estrés parental.

Migration in a Context of Securitization: Analysis of the 2023 CNDH México Recommendations

2024-11-15T22:00:41+00:00

This research aimed to analyze the recommendations issued by the National Human Rights Commission (CNDH) of Mexico, related to migration, in 2023. To do so, a documentary review was carried out through frequency counts and categorization. The main results indicate that: a) the most frequently violated human rights were those related to legal security, personal freedom, legality, and protection of minors; b) those affected who appeared most frequently in these recommendations were of Honduran nationality; and c) that the systematic violation of the human rights of migrants responds to the securitization policy. The originality of this work lies in the techniques employed and the period analyzed; likewise, the contribution of the study is relevant to elucidate the existing structural flaws in migration management and guide the design of applicable policies.

2030 Agenda and Implementation of the Migration Goal: A Critical and Comparative Analysis (Paraguay and Argentina, 2018-2023)

2024-08-22T19:30:09+00:00

This article analyzes the implementation of Goal 10.7 of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, aimed at safe, orderly and regular migration, in two national scenarios: Paraguay and Argentina. The comparative analysis will allow to recognize similarities and differences of consideration of Goal 10.7 in the set of actions to comply with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 10, when it was addressed. Likewise, it weighs to what extent the reference to the 2030 Agenda in government efforts is specifically associated with practices and lines of action created specifically to activate this tool. Finally, it presents a reflection regarding the insertion and indicators of Goal 10.7 in relation to its specific scope and its possibility of being visible as a particular purpose without overlapping with other SDGs and their goals.

Brazilian and Colombian Women in Iberian Sexual/Marriage Markets: An Intersectional Analysis

2024-10-03T18:14:03+00:00

This research aims to analyze the participation of Colombian and Brazilian migrant women in Iberian sexual/marriage markets. It combines a statistical analysis and an ethnography based on 40 women of Spain, Portugal, and Brazil between 2017 and 2022, to follow the strategies generating superpositions between migration policy and ethnosexualization. The results expose a participation typology in mixed marriages according to the social characteristics of migrant women: marriage as a means of regularization assumed by women in a precarious legal-labor situation; the social downgrading experienced by privileged women; and young childless women’s rejection of mixed marriages. The originality of this work lies in the reconstruction, based on the cross-referencing of different variables from origin to destination—maternity experiences, legal status, race, employment, educational level, nationality of the spouses—of the intersectional logic that governs the Iberian sexual/marriage markets.

Between Maps and Typologies: Distribution of International Migrants in Urban Environments of Buenos Aires (2010)

2024-07-03T20:09:38+00:00

The article explores the territorial dimension of the residential settlement of international migrants in the Greater Buenos Aires Agglomerate from a geo-demographic perspective that focuses on their spatial distribution while incorporating the characteristics of the residential environment. For this purpose, a typology is applied to classify city areas based on the period of urbanization and the forms of residential space production. Using the 2010 census as a source, the study examines migration from Paraguay, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, China, Korea, Italy, and Spain. It is found that these groups settle in diverse urban environments, including informal neighborhoods, socio-economically disadvantaged peripheral areas, and established central areas of the city. From a macro perspective encompassing multiple national origins, the study explores an urban territorial classification that is expected to contribute to analyses of the relationship between migration and socio-urban inequalities.

Efectos de las políticas de contención de la pandemia y disuasión migratoria: perspectivas de migrantes

2024-04-23T19:13:26+00:00

Durante los primeros meses de la pandemia de COVID-19, expertos advirtieron sobre la mayor vulnerabilidad al contagio de los solicitantes de asilo y otros migrantes, especialmente aquellos detenidos en Estados Unidos en tránsito hacia la frontera entre EE. UU. y México o que esperaban en la línea divisoria para cruzar. A pesar de las políticas de disuasión implementadas por Estados Unidos durante la pandemia para reducir los cruces fronterizos, los migrantes continuaron intentando llegar a EE.UU., enfrentando obstáculos cada vez mayores. El análisis de historias digitales grabadas por migrantes para el archivo Humanizando la Deportación revela que, aunque las medidas de contención de la pandemia causaron un daño considerable, ni estas acciones ni la propia enfermedad –que aparece como un factor de fondo en muchas narrativas– lograron reducir significativamente los flujos migratorios en la región.

Transit Migration in Family Units: Central American Women in Contrast with Men

2024-04-22T23:31:53+00:00

The purpose is to explore whether the type of migratory mobility of women and men registered by Emif Sur during the 2016-2019 period is related to specific sociodemographic conditions. Through a binomial logistic regression, the probability of traveling without the company of family members or acquaintances is modeled. For this purpose, this survey is used as it is the only one that registers the flow of returnees by Mexican authorities, as well as sociodemographic variables. The results show that having a Honduran nationality, being a woman and having children, increases the chances of displacement with a family member or acquaintance, in contrast to having Guatemalan or Salvadoran nationality, being a man, and not having children. The article provides empirical evidence on how women’s type of mobility is determined primarily by their family role.

Return migration and agricultural productivity: Evidence from Municipalities of Puebla’s North Mountain Range

2024-01-11T21:20:47+00:00

A representative survey of 281 maize and coffee producers from four municipalities in Puebla is used to estimate the effect of return migration on productivity, average costs, and profit margins. Three estimation techniques are employed: logarithmic, semi-parametric, and non-parametric. In general, the results show higher productivity on producers with returnees, as well as lower costs and profit margins for returnees. Analysis on subsamples reveals the importance of market orientation, coffee cultivation, the cultivation of small areas, and the reception of subsidies. In all these cases the results on productivity and costs are confirmed, and higher profit margins are founded. It is also shown the importance of unobserved factors particularly for average costs. The main limitation of these results is that they are only representative of the municipalities and crops studied.

Separación y planes de reunificación familiar después de la deportación a México desde Estados Unidos

2024-03-08T20:52:32+00:00

El objetivo del artículo es analizar cómo las familias planean reorganizarse tras la separación forzada de padres e hijos utilizando datos de encuestas que cuantifican los planes de reunificación de padres deportados de Estados Unidos a México entre 2015 y 2019. Se utilizan registros administrativos estadounidenses y datos de la Encuesta sobre Migración en la Frontera Norte de México para estimar el número de adultos mexicanos deportados que fueron separados de sus hijos y sus planes de reunificación. Durante este período, hubo entre 97 000 y 105 000 adultos mexicanos que fueron deportados y separados de sus hijos menores de edad en Estados Unidos. De estos, 39 por ciento planeaba permanecer separado, 20 por ciento reunificarse en EE. UU. y 11 por ciento planeaba reunificarse en México. Además, se discute la necesidad de una mayor discrecionalidad judicial en las audiencias de deportación para proteger el bienestar de los menores migrantes.

Social Capital and Child Migration in Chile: Problems in Generating Social Relationships in Educational Environments

2024-04-25T17:48:41+00:00

The objective of this article is to analyze the difficulties that foreign students face in creating social relationships and bonds of friendship in an educational context with a high migrant presence in Santiago de Chile. The methodological strategy developed is qualitative, with observation and ethnographic interview being the main techniques for obtaining data, which was carried out within two basic education schools. Based on the concept of social capital, this study illustrates how diversity in ethnic elements, such as language, religious beliefs, and skin color, lead to difficulties for social integration in Chilean schools, which in turn generates experiences of violence and discrimination among students. The importance of this work lies in the fact that it provides important elements to understand the problems that migrant children face in Chile.

Central American Migrant Women Communicative Agency in their Transit through Mexican Territory

2023-11-13T20:26:55+00:00

From a qualitative approach, the ways in which migrant women from the northernmost countries of Central America exercise their communicative agency during their journey through Mexican territory are characterized. Using in-depth interviews and observations in migrant shelters, it is documented how the communicative action of the migrant women possess an effective resistance to a hostile structural framework, highlighting their capacity to endure their systematic vulnerabilities, moving from subjection to agency. The special attention paid to the key role that communicative action plays during the migration process, and with the problematization posed by the novel concept of “communicative agency,” enriches the field of study focused on female migration, the sense, and meanings that these women give to their experience. The findings invite comparison with similar realities in different contexts.

Oil Extractivism Crisis According to Venezuelan Emigrants in Santiago de Chile between 2017-2020

2023-05-30T22:33:40+00:00

This research aims to analyze the impact of the collapse of the oil extractivism on the life trajectories of Venezuelans who emigrated to Santiago, Chile between 2017 and 2020. Regarding the methodologies, the semi-structured interview was conducted. Through the reflective thematic analysis of 19 interviews, it was found that the crisis of the extractivist model made it difficult to manage the daily life of the subjects and set up a context of departure that promoted a forced displacement of people starting in 2016. The relevance and originality of the research lies in its approach to the Venezuelan crisis from a socio-historical perspective that made it possible to define the political and institutional background in which Venezuelan emigration takes place, to demonstrate the responsibility of the Venezuelan State in the violation of the human rights of its nationals and to characterize the survival mode of Venezuelans who decided to emigrate.

Migration and Exodus in Cuba: Migratory Trends from the 19th Century to the Present

2024-02-14T23:16:17+00:00

This article explores the historical context of Cuban migration to the United States in order to analyze the exodus that occurred at the end of 2021. Through the analysis of historical data from the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), and Customs and Border Protection (CBP) covering the period 1894-2023, migration milestones from the 19^thcentury, such as the 1959 Revolution and the 1994 rafter crisis, are traced. In addition, theoretical perspectives on migration are discussed with the aim of conceptualizing current mass flows as an exodus, characterized by five main features: 1) massive movements, 2) constant movements, 3) defined time span, 4) preeminence of international departures, and 5) response to a trigger. This proposal contributes to a deeper understanding of the migration phenomenon from a multidimensional approach that considers political, economic, social, and historical factors.

The Law of Democratic Memory: Reparation for Descendants of Emigrants or Political Objective?

2024-09-05T22:16:44+00:00